【３６日目】ボディランゲージ

こんにちは。

ご機嫌いかがですか？

昨日海に行ってきました！

泳がずにただ友人と

chiiっていました(笑)

晴天にも恵まれて

海を眺めるだけでも

曇っていた心が

晴れる様でした(^^)

＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝

目次

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➤ボディランゲージ

➤インプットの時間

➤本日のワーク

＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝

①ボディランゲージ

英語を話す方々って

よくボディランゲージを

するイメージがありませんか？

中にはオーバーリアクション

なほどボディを使う方も

いらっしゃいますよね(笑)

中には恐らく

それを恥ずかしいと

思う方もいるかもしれません。

その方向けにこのテーマに

ついてお話しようと思います。

そうでない方は、改めて

雑学として読み進めて

頂きたいと思います。

まず、英語は日本語と違って

言語表現の際に

ボディランゲージが顕著に現れます。

自己主張が強いといわれる英語圏の人たちは、

普段から効果的にボディランゲージを使って

自分の思いや考えを伝えています。

「目は口ほどに物を言う」ということわざが

日本にはあります。

目に喜怒哀楽の感情が最も表れることから、

口で言葉にしなくても、

目つきから相手の気持ちが

分かるという意味です。

英語圏では目もさることながら、

ボディランゲージによるコミュニケーションが

盛んに行われています。

一説によると、言葉の内容以外の

非言語情報が人に影響を与える割合は

9割以上を占める、といわれています。

海外ドラマや映画、英語圏の人たちの

プレゼンテーションなどを注意深く観察すると、

実にさまざまなボディランゲージが

使われていることに気付きます。

これだけは押さえておきたい！

ボディランゲージ6選

まずは、海外映画やドラマなどでよく見かける、

ボディランゲージを6つご紹介します。

1. Shrug（肩をすくめる）

via GIPHY

両方の手のひらを上に向けて肩をすくめるしぐさです。

「分からない」「仕方ない」など、あきらめの気持ちを表します。

2. Air quotes（エアクオート）

via GIPHY

言葉を強調する記号ダブルクォーテーションマーク

（“　”）を指で作ります。

会話では「要注意だ」「裏がありそうだぞ」などの

意味を込めるときに使われます。

3. High five（ハイタッチ）

via GIPHY

和製英語のいわゆる「ハイタッチ」です。

「やった」「頑張った」など、

物事が成功したときに使われます。

4. Thumbs-up / Thumbs-down（サムズアップ／サムズダウン）

via GIPHY

親指を上に向けて「good（いいね）」、

下に向けて「bad（ダメだね）」を伝えます。

5. Watching you（見てるぞ）

via GIPHY

チョキの2本指を自分の目に向けた後、

すぐに相手へ向けます。

「よく見ているからね」「監視しているぞ」という意図で使われます。

6. So-so（まあまあ）

via GIPHY

手のひらを下にして、左右にひらひらと振ります。

「調子はどう？」と聞かれたときなど、

良くも悪くもない場合に使われます。

それって大丈夫？気を付けたい日本のボディランゲージ

日本でよく使われているボディランゲージの中には、海外で違った意味に捉えられるものがあります。相手への侮辱など、マイナスな意味で伝わってしまう場合もあるので、気を付けましょう。

■ 手招き

日本の手のひらを下にした手招きは、

アメリカでは「あっちへ行け」の意味になります。

■ 手のひらを自分の顔の前で左右に振る

日本では「違います」「いりません」などを意味しますが、

イタリアでは「バカか？」「頭は大丈夫か？」

といった侮辱を意味します。

■ 親指と中指でパチンと鳴らす

日本では「ひらめいた」「ラッキー」などを意味しますが、

イギリスでは冷笑、無視、無関心などの

マイナスな意味を示します。

英語を勉強して、いざ海外旅行に出てみたものの、

とっさに言葉が出ない。言葉以上に思いを伝えたい。

そんなときに、ボディランゲージが

きっと助けになってくれるはずです。

言葉の壁を乗り越えるのに役立てるよう

ボディランゲージの意味を理解し、

より豊かなコミュニケーションが

図れるといいですね。

②インプットの時間

今回は簡単な単語だけど

いつくかの意味を持つ

単語についてインプットして頂きます。

以下の文を読んで、

英語でニュアンスを捉えて

行きましょう。

From Fairs to Novels: １０ Everyday English Words with Multiple Meanings

The following 21 words are common English words that have different meanings and/or pronunciations. They can be a little tricky sometimes, but thanks to this post, you will be able to master them in no time. So, let the fun begin!

 

1. Fair

As you have already seen in the introduction, this word can have different meanings depending on whether it is a noun or an adjective. You know its meaning as a noun, and you probably also know one of its meanings as an adjective, but I am sure you would have never thought a carnival and a hair/skin color were spelled the same in English.

Meaning #1: a carnival; a public event where there are games, competitions, rides and entertainment

Also, in the United States, a fair is an event where farm products and animals are shown and judged.

The boy showed his horse and his two pigs at the state fair.

Meaning #2: treating someone right or in a way that does not favor other people

The boy at the fair is very fair with his siblings when they play games together.

Meaning #3: having light skin and/or hair

The fair boy at the fair is very fair with his siblings.

Since her skin is so fair, she has to be careful when she goes in the sun.

 

2. Saw

You probably know this word as the past tense of the verb to see, but did you know it can also be a tool and the infinitive of another verb?

Saw comes from the Old English word saga (to cut), but also from the Middle English word sawen (knife), hence its different meanings nowadays.

Meaning #1: a device or tool with sharp teeth, typically made of metal

He used a saw to cut the branch of the tree.

Meaning #2: to saw, to cut with a saw

He is going to saw the tree down with a saw.

Meaning #3: past tense of the verb to see.

I saw the saw he used to saw the tree down.

 

3. Fell

Now this one’s tricky.

A lot of my beginner students think this is the past tense of to feel, but actually it is the past tense of the verb to fall. What not many non-native speakers know is that it can also be the infinitive form of a different verb, and also a formal adjective!

Meaning 1: past tense of the verb to fall

The girl fell on the floor and started crying.

Meaning #2: to fell, to knock or cut down, to cause to fall

He used an ax to fell the tree.

Meaning #3: (formal) fierce, cruel, savage

He was imprisoned by his fell enemy.

 

4. Found

This word is another example of the past tense of a verb that is also the infinitive of a different verb.

Meaning #1: past tense and past participle of the verb to find (to come upon by chance, to locate)

I found a lot of old books in the attic yesterday.

Meaning #2: to found, to set up or establish, to base on, to provide a basis for

We want to found a new translation company.

 

5. Bow

Bow is a word that can have several different meanings. It is a homograph because the pronunciation is slightly different between the noun and verb form.  As a noun, for example, you can wear one around your neck or use one to attack someone. As a verb, you can use it to show respect.

Don’t you love English!

Meaning #1: to bow, to bend forward at the neck or waist in order to greet someone or show respect

We must all bow before the queen.

Meaning #2: a knot made by tying a ribbon into two or more loops, often referred to as bow tie

He is wearing a green bow tie.

Meaning #3: a weapon used for shooting arrows

The hunter had a bow and many arrows.

 

6. Crane

I still remember when I learned this word myself. I imagined a giant machine that transformed into a bird. I have never forgotten this word!

Meaning #1: a big machine with a long arm used by builders to lift or move big objects

I think we are going to need a crane to lift that statue.

Meaning #2: a tall bird that has a long neck and long legs; it lives near water

It is impossible to observe (see) a crane here. There is no water around.

 

7. Date

This is an easy one.

If you are a romantic person, this word will probably make you think of special occasions with a partner. If time is important for you, you will see a date as a day on a calendar. Both options are correct, but there is more!

Meaning #1: a specific day of a month or year

What is the date today?

Meaning #2: a situation where two people who have or want to have a romantic relationship do some activity together

I would love to go on a date with you.

Meaning #3: the person you go on a date with

Mary is my date for tonight.

Meaning #4: to date someone, to do some kind of activity with a person you have or want to have a romantic relationship with.

Mary and I are dating.

Meaning #5: to date something, to write the date on something

Please, do not forget to sign and date your exam.

 

8. Minute

Here we have a homograph. Minute is pronounced /minit/ when it refers to time. It can also refer to size, in which case it is pronounced /mai’niut/.

Meaning #1: a unit of time equal to 60 seconds

We have been waiting for 20 minutes.

Meaning #2: always in the plural (minutes), the official record of everything that is said and done during a meeting

Ms. Roche will be taking the minutes during the meeting.

Meaning #3: an adjective meaning tiny, very small

With this new device, we are able to see even the most minute particles.

 

9. Second

If you are interested in etymology (study of words), you will like this word!

Second has two main meanings, one referring to time and one referring to something or someone coming after first. I was surprised to find out both these meanings come from the same Latin word secundus (following, next in time or order).

Apart from being a noun, second can also be a verb.

In this case, the origin of the word is from the Latin word secundare (to assist, to make favorable).

Meaning #1: occupies the second position in a series, importance or rank

Soup is my second choice.

Meaning #2: (always plural) another serving of food taken after you have finished the first one

Do you want seconds?

Meaning #3: a unit of time equal to 1/60 of a minute

It took him 35 seconds to open the box.

Meaning #4: to second, to approve something, to agree with somebody

I am tired. Let’s go home.

I will second that.

 

10. Type

They say that everyone has a type, but what exactly does that mean?

You can type in different kinds of types, enjoy different types of food and have different types in reference to people. It all depends on the meaning of type you are referring to.

Meaning #1: a particular kind of thing or person

I do not like this type of food. It is too greasy.

Meaning #2: the kind of person someone likes

Bea is totally my type.

Meaning #3: the different kinds of printed letters

Please, do not use the italic type. Use bold.

Meaning #4: to type, to write with a typewriter or a computer keyboard

I can type 200 words per minute.

③本日のワーク

〇該当する文章の翻訳を

　してください！！

Watch: BTS Returns To “The Today Show” To Talk “Dynamite,” Donating, New Album, And More

TV/FILM

Aug 24, 2020

by J. K

 

BTS made a return to NBC’s “The Today Show” to talk about their hit “Dynamite“!

On the August 24 episode of the American morning show, BTS made a remote appearance for an interview about their chart-topping and record-breaking new English-language single “Dynamite.”

👇以下の文を翻訳してください👇

When asked why they decided to put out their first all-English track, RM said, “When we first listened to the demo, we just loved it as it is, so we thought, ‘Why not do it this way?’ So we just kept the demo and recorded it, and it became a whole new challenge for us too.”

“I hope fans will draw a lot of energy from this new song,” said V.

👆ここまで👆

The group last appeared on the “The Today Show” in February after the release of their album “Map of the Soul: 7,” when a massive crowd of fans showed up to see them be interviewed.

BTS was asked what they think when they look back on that time, and Suga said, “We miss it – we had fun. And we would like to go back and do it again soon.”

“The Today Show” talked about how during the COVID-19 pandemic, the guys have had to postpone their world tour and are social distancing while live streaming their activities for fans. They’re also working on a new album.

“I think this was a healing process for us too,” said Jimin. “But working on the album made us realize that there’s something we can do.”

RM said, “It’s going to be new and fresh, and it’s going to be a little different from the single ‘Dynamite’ as well. That’s all I can say!”

Recently, BTS and their agency Big Hit Entertainment donated $1 million to Black Lives Matter, which fans matched.

👇以下の文を翻訳してください👇

“We just want the world to be a better place,” said Suga. “We don’t regard ourselves as doing great deeds. But we do feel thankful that many people relate to our actions and in turn, take action from their end.”

The group also talked about how much they want to see their fans again, with RM saying, “We miss them so much.”

👆ここまで👆

かの有名なK-POPアイドルのBTSです(^^)

私も大好きです！

彼らがワールドワイドに活躍できる

訳がこの記事には詰まっていますね。

とても素晴らしい考え方だと思います。

それでは！！

【３５日目】ネガティブ感情に打ち勝って

みなさん調子はいかがですか？

私は最近夏バテで気分が

沈んでばかりでしたが、

先日みた映画のお陰で

めちゃくちゃ気分が上がって

いるのです(笑)

私の推しの頑張りに

背中を押されています（泣）

友人からはチョロいなーと

よく言われますが、

本当にその通りなんですよ。

あ、あと私実は

アイドルヲタクなんです(笑)

好きな方がいたら、

是非教えてください(^^)(^^)(^^)

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目次

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➤ネガティブ感情に打ち勝って

➤インプットの時間

➤本日のワーク

＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝

①ネガティブ感情に打ち勝って

これは毎度毎度お伝えしている

内容かもしれませんが、

今回はそれをテーマにして

改めてお話ししていこうと思います。

人間は、誰しも

気持ちを一定に保つことは

できません。

ただ生活をしているだけで、

悩みは必ず存在します。

悩まない人間なんてそういません。

たとえそうは見えなくても、

あの人は成功ばっかり

しているとしても。

なので、必然的に

コントロールをすることが

必要です。

１　調子が良いとき

２　普通なとき

３　調子が悪いとき

必ず波があります。

ただでさえ、何もしなくとも

波は来ます。

例外に、人・環境・場面によっても

それは来るかもしれません。

この場合は

いつ自分はネガティブ感情になるのか

きちんと自分を追求していきましょう。

そして、先程の波について

お話していこうと思います。

”調子論”というものを

聞いたことはありますか？

例えば、部活動を挙げると

部員はだいたい大会に

調子を乗せていきますよね？

その為にじっくりと

筋トレやら練習をして

スキルを上げていきます。

およそこの期間は

３か月とみています。

しかし、それだけでは

必然的に悩みが現れます。

「きつい」

「できない」

「周りと違う」

「人間関係が上手くできない」

そこで、３　調子が悪くなっているところで、

１　の調子が良いに回復させるための

仕法を施します。

今一度皆さんに

考えてみてほしいこと３つがあります。

調子が良い時にやっている事

ex）筋トレ、読書、沢山の人と関わる

調子を戻すためにやっている事

ex）推しを想像する、瞑想、ストレッチ、歌う

調子が悪い時にやっている事

嫌な過去を思い出している、自分を責める

いかがですが？

意外と調子によって

考えることは一緒なんですよね。

調子が悪い時に考えがちな事

だから自分はいつも勝てない、遠い未来のこと、

失敗してきた過去のこと

ここで調子概念のお話をします。

調子概念には二つの施策が

存在していて

１　強制施策

２　回復施策

があります。

１　強制施策は

調子を悪くしない、させない。

調子をキープする。悪くなったら戻す施策です。

ここでは、迷宮入りしてしまったら終わりです。

例えば、遠くの未来に目を背けがちに

なってしまったり、

現実逃避し出したり。

こうなってしまったら、人に頼ってください。

信頼できる友達、あなたの目標とする人物、

あなたを理解してくれる人物、

彼らに頼ってください。

そして２　回復施策について

調子は放っておくと１００％体力がなくなって

下がります。なぜなら悩み続けるからです。

しかし、悪くしないためには

成果が出続けなければなりません。

だからこそ、早く成果を

出してしまいましょう。

だらだらすることが一番

きついはずです。

悪くしないためには

強制施策が必要です。

”絶対にこれだけはやらなきゃいけない”

強制と回復のバランスが大事です。

普段からだらけている人は、

成果や目標が近づいてきた時に、

チャンスを逃します。

みなさんにとっての

強制施策、回復施策は

どんなものでしょうか？

本日のワークにてお知らせください。

人間は基本的に、あるstyleを形成させるのに

３か月は必要とされています。

この３か月間で、

決めたことができるか。

大きくメンヘラしないかです。

できる人たちは、

一日スケジュールを立てて

しっかり行うことができます。

初めは２週間続けることができれば

OKです。すごいです。

受験や甲子園、勝てる人は

３年間でスケジュールを立ててこなせます。

色んな施策をして

キャパを広げないと、いくら頭が

賢くても無理です。

テクニックを重視するよりも、

もう少しこの辺を論理的に

重視すべきだと思います。

②インプットの時間

以下の記事を

新聞を読むかのように

読んでみましょう。

難易度が

レベル１～３まであるので、

どこまでいけるか

試してみてください。

Dark Side of the Moon – level 1

You can watch the moon, but you can see only one side. You cannot see the other side from the earth. This other side is called the dark side of the moon.

In 1959, people see it for the first time. Soviets take pictures of it. Now, we have some new pictures. A NASA satellite takes them.

Difficult words: earth (our planet), satellite (a machine that goes to space).

Dark Side of the Moon – level 2

People on Earth can only see one side of the moon because the moon is locked to our planet. There is a side of the moon which you can never see. It is called the dark side of the moon.

First images of the side could be seen in 1959 thanks to a Soviet mission. Now, a camera aboard a NASA satellite captured it. It took a series of images. The images show a crater and how the moon moves across the Pacific Ocean towards North America.

Difficult words: series (a set), crater (a large space in the ground which looks like a bowl).

Dark Side of the Moon – level 3

Observers on Earth can only see one side of the moon because it is tidally locked to our planet, which means that its orbital period is the same as its rotation around its axis.

The side which is never visible from Earth is called the dark side of the moon, and recently a camera captured it aboard a NASA satellite. The images show the moon moving across the Pacific Ocean towards North America.

However, this was not the first time that humankind could see the dark side, as there were pictures of it back in 1959 during a Soviet mission.

Difficult words: observer (a person who observes – watches something), tidal lock (when a side of a moon or a planet always faces another moon or planet), orbital (relating to orbit – the regularly repeated elliptical course of an object), axis (an imaginary line about which something rotates), Soviet (the name for Russian’s government during Communism).

いかがでしたでしょうか。

それそれのレベルに合わせて

対策を練っていきましょう(^^)

どのレベルだったのかも

教えて頂きたいです！！

③本日のワーク

〇あなたの強制施策と回復施策

　を教えてください。

〇感想や気づいたことを

　教えてください。

それでは！

【３４日目】さぁ、英語を話しましょう

ご機嫌いかがですか？？

先日久々に友人と

映画を見に行きました！！

コロナ以来初めてだったので

どんなもんかと思いましたが、

一席ずつ空けての鑑賞でした！

そして確かに、鑑賞中はお話とかしないので

飛沫は飛ばないですもんね。

心配はしなくても

大丈夫そうですね(^^)

そして、映画の内容は

素晴らしかったです(^^)(^^)

改めて、仕事頑張ろうと

思えました！！

こうゆうのたまには

大事ですね～

＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝

目次

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➤どんどん実践していきましょう

➤インプットの時間

➤本日のワーク

＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝

①どんどん実践していきましょう

さぁ、皆さん、

このプログラムも

１か月が経ちましたが、

いかがですか？感触の方は。

英語に対する考え方、

取り組み方等は

確実に変わって頂けたと思います！！

ワーク等で、英文を作ったり

翻訳をしていただいたり

していますが、

「話す」ということは

実践できていますか？

色々呟やいてみたり、

独り言をつぶやいてみたり、

「話してみる」のも大事ですよ。

多少、発音等気にしてしまう

方もいらっしゃると思いますが、

そこは気にする必要性はありません。

そこ気にし出したら、

前に進めないので。

私含め、周りの友人に中国語、韓国語、

中にはミャンマー語を話せる

バイリンガルが沢山いるのですが、

みんな口揃えて

「発音なんて気にしてない」

と言います。

最終的には

伝わればいいので！！

さぁ、英語を

話しましょう！！

②インプットの時間

今回はLOVEについて

いくつかのトピックを

挙げました。

文章自体を理解することは

もちろん、

それに対する

自分自身の考えも

英語表現してみてください！！

英語脳を稼働して行きましょう。

Love

Do you believe that love can be understood by looking at the brain and chemicals?

How is attraction different than love?

Why do you think some people fall out of love?

What is the most romantic movie you know?

In public, how much affection is too much?

How is showing love different now from in the past?

In all cultures there are famous love stories (i.e. Romeo and Juliet). What is a famous love story in your country?

When you see a couple, how do you know they are in love?

Do you believe in love at first sight?

What do you think of valentine’s day?

Think of two different cultures, how do those cultures express love differently?

Why are most songs about love?

③本日のワーク

 〇以下の文を翻訳してください

@JeffPassan

 

Trade news:

Trade news: The New York Yankees acquired RP Addison Russ from the Philadelphia Phillies, sources tell ESPN. The 25-year-old right-hander has been dominant over his minor league career, with a 2.48 ERA and 200 strikeouts in 152.2 innings. He’ll head to New York’s alternate site.

〇本日の感想・

　気づいたことを教えてください。

それでは

また！！

【３３日目】Just relax .

こんにちは！

ルイボスティーって

美味しいですよね！

無印良品でこの前

買ってみたのですが、

とても良い感じで

リピート確定です♪

みなさんは

おすすめのお茶は

ありますか？？

＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝

目次

＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝

➤How to be relax ?

➤インプットの時間

➤本日のワーク

＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝

①How to be relax ?

 

昨日のリマインドに

なると思いますが、

英語でコミュニケーションを

取る際は少なからず緊張は

するものです。

しかしそのせいで本領が

発揮できないのは避けたいですよね…

その為には落ち着いて

リラックスして挑むこと。

その為には自分にとっての

お守りを持つこと。

私は、聞き取れなかった際に

使う英語のフレーズを

お守りにしています。

まずはご自身が英語に対して

どの地点にいるのか

再度見直して、

どんなお守りが必要なのか

考えてみましょう！！

②インプットの時間

 

 

English Conversation for Beginners: Some ｐhrases for the English Speaking Adventure of a Lifetime

 

Informal greetings

Let’s start with informal greetings. Here is how you can say hello:

• Hello!
  (A universal greeting that works for every conversation.)

• Hi!
  (A neutral and friendly greeting.)

• Hey!
  (An informal and relaxed greeting.)

• Greetings!
  (This is quite formal and rare these days, but could be used humorously among friends.)

 

Formal greetings

For a more formal way to greet someone, use the model “good + [time of day]”:

• Good morning!
  (Reserved for any time before noon.)

• Good afternoon!
  (Typically used between noon and 5-6 p.m.)

• Good evening!
  (Any time after 6 p.m.)

Remember that “good night” normally

means that you are saying goodbye.

It is also commonly used right before going to bed.

 

Introductions

What if you have never met the person you are

talking to before?

Then, after greeting them, it would be

polite to introduce yourself and ask for their name. Here’s how:

• My name is _____. What’s your name?
  (This is simple, neutral and always works well!)

If you met somebody once before, but you do not remember their name, you can say this:

• I’m sorry, I don’t remember your name. You are…?
  (This is a bit more informal.)

If you want to introduce a person to someone else, you can simply say:

• Please meet + [name]
  Please meet my friend Tom!
  (Formal introduction)

• This is + [name]
  This is Tom!
  (Common introduction)

Now that you have introduced yourself,

use one of the phrases below to respond

to someone’s introduction.

• Nice to meet you!
  (The most common)

• Pleased to meet you!
  (Simple and polite)

• It’s a pleasure!
  (Informal, but nice)

You can hear the first one in this video,

where two people meet for the first time

and then start a conversation.

Better yet, since that video is available on FluentU, 

you don’t have to worry about missing a word.

Just click the interactive subtitles for an instant definition.

There are also flashcards, fun quizzes and other learning tools built in.

Check out a free FluentU trial to watch that video—

and thousands of other real-world English videos—

with all the learning features.

 

Making Small Talk in English

Great job! You are already having a conversation in English!

After you have exchanged names and greeted each other, you may go on to make some “small talk.”

Small talk is common in many English-speaking countries, especially in the U.S., Canada and England. It is considered polite to add small talk to the beginning of the conversation before talking about the subject of the conversation, whether it is personal or professional.

The most widespread (common) question is “How are you?” In fact, it is so common, that it becomes automatic for people to say, even when they hardly know the person! “How are you” is often even considered part of the greeting (i.e. “Hi, how are you?”). That is how necessary it has become!

There are several ways to ask someone how they are doing:

• How are you? / How are you doing?
  (Neutral)

• How’s it going?
  (More informal)

• How are things?
  (Informal)

• What’s up?
  (Very informal)

An interesting thing about asking these questions is that an answer is not really required. Unless you are very close friends with someone, they are not expecting you to tell them an honest answer about your day—as this funny video shows:

Instead, a simple answer and a “how are you” in return is enough for a typical conversation in English:

• I’m well. How are you?

• It’s going well, thank you. How are you doing?

• Fine, thanks. And yourself?

Note that you might often hear people say “I’m good” when they mean that they are well and doing well. “I’m good” is grammatically incorrect in this context, but it is very common in spoken English, just like a few other mistakes English speakers make, so be careful!

Small talk can also be the primary goal of a conversation, especially when you are talking to people you don’t know and are unlikely to meet again. There are many ways to use small talk successfully, even when you’re still getting comfortable with English conversation for beginners.

 

Asking and Answering Questions

A conversation is an exchange of ideas, questions and thoughts. The best way to keep a conversation going is to ask questions!

There are two types of questions you may ask: closed-ended and open-ended questions.

Closed-ended questions are also called “yes/no” questions, because their goal is to confirm or deny certain information. For example:

• Are you having a good day?

• Did you just get to the office?

• Have you seen my email?

Compare the examples above to the open-ended questions below. They will ask a person to elaborate—that is, to give more information instead of simply saying “yes” or “no.”

• How is your day going?
  (A perfect example of small talk!)

• When did you arrive at the office?

• What do you think about that email I sent?

Open-ended questions typically begin with “who,” “what,” “where,” “when” and “why.” They are important to make your English conversation informative and productive. See more examples here.

When the person you are talking to is asking you a question, listen for the keywords and pay attention to the verb being used. This will help you construct your answer using proper grammar.

Don’t worry about using difficult words—it is fine to keep things simple! And if you don’t understand a certain question or word, don’t be afraid to ask.

As a beginner, you may have trouble understanding everything being said in English. This is okay! You are still learning.

 

Asking for Clarification

You are getting good at conversations in English, but suddenly you realize that you are lost. Maybe the other person is speaking too fast. Maybe she has an unfamiliar accent. Maybe you didn’t hear the last thing she said.

It is perfectly normal to ask for clarification or to repeat something. Just remember to be polite!

If you don’t understand something, let’s say a word or even some idea relating to your conversation, you could say:

• I’m sorry, I don’t understand. Could you please repeat that?

• I’m sorry, I don’t understand. Could you please explain that?

or even…

• Care to elaborate?
  (This very informal question is the short version of “Do you care to elaborate on this?”)

If you simply didn’t hear something, just say it like this:

• I’m sorry, I didn’t hear that. Could you please repeat?

• I’m sorry, I didn’t catch that. Could you please repeat?

or even…

• Could you say that again, please?

Don’t be shy to ask for help. People are generally very happy to explain or repeat something! Please don’t forget to thank them after they do.

 

Bringing an English Conversation to a Close

Say you have got all the information you need from the person. It is time for you to go. Maybe you are running late and want to keep the conversation brief. No matter the reason, it is always nice to let the person know you cannot continue talking to them for much longer.

There are many ways to do it depending on the situation. For example, if you are late, say:

• I have to get going. / It’s time for me to go.
  (This is polite and neutral.)

• I have to run—can we continue later?
  (This is more informal, but also polite.)

And if you have all the information you’d wanted:

• Thank you so much for your help!
  (A very common and useful expression)

• Got it, thanks!
  (Very informal and friendly)

• I think I have everything I need, thank you!
  (This is formal and may come across as rude if you don’t thank the person after, so use it with caution.)

 

Using Small Talk to End a Conversation

Hey, guess what? Small talk can be used at the end of an English conversation too! Before saying goodbye, it is polite to say something like…

• Have a good day!
  (This works in any situation.)

• Enjoy your day!
  (This one is a bit more formal.)

• Good luck!
  (If the person needs it; it will depend on the situation.)

• Talk to you soon!
  (This is neutral and does not necessarily mean that you will really talk to the person soon.)

• Great seeing you / Great talking to you!
  (This is informal yet common.)

• Catch you later!
  (This is very informal and fun.)

And after that, the only thing left to do is…

 

Saying Goodbye in English

This one is easy. You really cannot go wrong with just a simple “goodbye” or “bye” in spoken English. You can also use any small talk expression to complement your goodbye. For example:

• Bye! Have a good day!

• Catch you later! Bye-bye!

And, as mentioned at the very beginning of this guide…

• Good night!

Simple, right?

You are now an English conversation master!

Having a conversation in English does not have to be complicated. You may feel a little awkward and shy about your English speaking at first, but it is okay.

If you are scared of making a mistake, it is understandable. But mistakes are going to happen when you get started with spoken English—it is absolutely normal. Making mistakes is a big part of learning English conversations for beginners. This is how you get better, so just go for it. Just start talking, because now you know what to say!
 

③本日のワーク

 

〇以下の文を

　翻訳して下さい。

The Australian state of Victoria has recorded its lowest rise in Covid-19 infections for a month, raising hopes it is gaining control of an outbreak.

The state capital, Melbourne, has been in lockdown for over a month, but even stricter measures including a night-time curfew were imposed on 3 August.

The state still has 7,274 active cases and remains Australia's worst concern.

But despite reporting its deadliest day on Monday, Victoria has seen new infections decline in recent days.

Tuesday's increase of 222 was the lowest daily total since 18 July. There were 17 more deaths, taking Australia's tally to 438 since the pandemic began.

〇感想や気づいたことを

　教えてください！！

【３２日目】日本人は過大評価しすぎ

こんにちは！

あっついですね…

週間天気予報を見てみても、

３５℃越えなんて当たり前ですよね…

ましてや４０℃行くか

行かないくらいですよね？！

２年前はそんなんじゃなかった

ですよね…

人間もこの暑さに適応するために

何かが進化していくのかなー。

と考えるairilは異常ですね(笑)

＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝

目次

＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝

➤日本人は過大評価しすぎ

➤インプットの時間

➤本日のワーク

＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝

①日本人は過大評価しすぎ

 

これは、私が普段から

グローバルに触れているからこそ

思うことです。

空港の国際線は

ご存じの通り、

色んな国籍の方々が

いらっしゃいます。

韓国の方、中国の方、タイの方、

フィリピンの方、アメリカの方、

ブラジルの方…多種多様です。

そしてつくづく思うのが、

彼らは失敗を恐れずに

ぐいぐい来るなと。

良く言えば

『恐れ知らず』

『危険信号を知らせてくれる』

悪く言えば

『自分本位』

ですね。

めちゃくちゃな

日本語や英語で

我々スタッフに話しかけるのです(笑)

「どこ！トイレ！！お手洗い！」

「これどこ行けばいいの？」

「お金変える場所はどこですか？」

日本人は比較的に

控えめで、真面目で、

恥ずかしがり屋で、心配性。

有名な話でもありますよね。

”airil、日本人のこと

　散々叩くやん”

と思うかもしれませんが、

でも逆に、それは

繊細さ、綺麗、落ち着いている…

っていう良さにもつながると思います。

海外のトイレはとことん汚いですし…

接客中にガムをくちゃくちゃ。

しまいには商品も放り投げる。

見事な振り舞っぷりですよね本当に。

何が言いたいのかというと、

日本人の性格は

語学学習にとって

少し邪魔な存在であるということです。

性格を全否定している訳では

ありません。その性格も

文化から来ているものなので

しょうがないです。

私が言いたいのは、

確かに英語が話せる人の

多くは海外で生まれ育った人が

多いです。

しかし、日本国内でも、

英語が話せる様になれるが、

工夫が必要になる

ということです。

その工夫のひとつが

今回のテーマです。

「自分は間違えているから…」

「自分は通じないから…」

「いつも上手くいかないから…」

結論、それらは当たり前なんです。

英語のネイティブスピーカーでは

ないのですから、

これからなっていく過程の最中にいるのですから

当たり前のことなんです。

過大評価しないでください。

英語に対する今の立場はまだ

「中間言語」です。

「ネイティブ」ではありません。

だからもちろんまだあやふやです。

それを受け入れたうえで、

どんどん英語を話すという実践

をしてください。

でもね、わかります。

「そんな風に考えると甘えが出る。」

「意識高くしなきゃ気持ちが持たない。」

非常に分かります。

先程の考え方は

あくまでも、

「英会話実践の際に、

　ネガティブにならずにどんどん

　アクティブして欲しい」

という工夫の方法を

お伝えしたかったのです。

「できないもん、分からないもん」

じゃなくて、とりあえず

自分を信じて理解する努力はしましょう。

意識を高く持って挑めるのならば、

実践で失敗したらそれを糧に

次に進んで大きくなりましょう。

”Sorry please say again ...?"

"Sorry I didn't catch that "

"Actually I'm Learning English now ,

 so could you speak more slowly for me ??"

というフレーズは

私が英語が中間言語の際

よく使っていたお守りでした。

一旦これを挟めば、

中にはめちゃ分かりやすく

話してくれたりしてくれる人も

いましたし、

私自身も一呼吸置いて、

英語のコミュニケーションを

とることができました。

一つの参考として

みなさんも活用してみて

下さい。

②インプットの時間

 

30 Basic English Phrases You’ll Use Over and Over

Phrases for Anywhere

These first eight phrases can be used in many different situations.

1. Thanks so much.

This is a simple sentence you can use to thank someone.

To add detail, say:

Thanks so much + for + [noun] / [-ing verb].

For example:

Thanks so much for the birthday money.

Thanks so much for driving me home.

2. I really appreciate…

You can also use this phrase to thank someone. For example, you might say:

I really appreciate your help.

Or you can combine #1 and #2:

Thanks so much for cooking dinner. I really appreciate it.

Thanks so much. I really appreciate you cooking dinner.

3. Excuse me.

When you need to get through but there’s someone blocking your way, say “Excuse me.”

You can also say this phrase to politely get someone’s attention. For example:

Excuse me sir, you dropped your wallet.

Excuse me, do you know what time it is?

4. I’m sorry.

Use this phrase to apologize, whether for something big or small. Use “for” to give more detail. For example:

I’m sorry for being so late.

I’m sorry for the mess. I wasn’t expecting anyone today.

You can use “really” to show you’re very sorry for something:

I’m really sorry I didn’t invite you to the party.

5. What do you think?

When you want to hear someone’s opinion on a topic, use this question.

I’m not sure if we should paint the room yellow or blue. What do you think?

6. How does that sound?

If you suggest an idea or plan, use this phrase to find out what others think.

We could have dinner at 6, and then go to a movie. How does that sound?

Let’s hire a band to play music, and Brent can photograph the event. How does that sound?

7. That sounds great.

If you like an idea, you can respond to #6 with this phrase. “Great” can be replaced with any synonym, such as “awesome,” “perfect,” “excellent” or “fantastic.”

A: My mom is baking cookies this afternoon. We could go to my house and eat some. How does that sound?
B: That sounds fantastic!

8. (Oh) never mind.

Let’s say someone doesn’t understand an idea you’re trying to explain. If you’ve explained it over and over and want to stop, just say “oh, never mind.” You can now talk about something else!

You can also use “never mind” to mean “it doesn’t matter” or “just forget it.” In these situations, say it with a smile and positive tone, though. Otherwise, when you say this phrase slowly with a falling low tone, it can mean you’re bothered or upset.

A: Are you going to the grocery store today?
B: No, I’m not. But why—do you need something?
A: Oh, never mind. It’s okay, I’ll go tomorrow.

Phrases for Learning English

As an English learner, you’ll need to tell others that English is not your first language. You’ll also need to ask native speakers to repeat phrases and words or to speak slower. The following phrases will be useful for this.

9. I’m learning English.

This simple phrase tells people that English is not your native language. If you’re a total beginner, add “just started” after I: “I just started learning English.”

My name is Sophie and I’m learning English.

10. I don’t understand.

Use this phrase when you don’t understand what someone means.

Sorry, I don’t understand. The U.S. Electoral College seems very confusing!

11. Could you repeat that please?

If you’d like someone to say a word, question or phrase again, use this question. Since “to repeat” means “to say again,” you can also ask, “Could you say that again please?”

We can say “please” either at the end of the question or right after “you,” like this:

Could you please repeat that?

Could you repeat that please?

12. Could you please talk slower?

Native speakers can talk very fast. Fast English is hard to understand! This is an easy way to ask someone to speak more slowly.

Note: This phrase is not grammatically correct. However, it’s used often in everyday (casual) speech. The grammatically correct question would be, “Could you please talk more slowly?”

That’s because “slowly” is an adverb, so it describes verbs (like “talk”). “Slower” is a comparative adjective, which means it should be used to describe nouns (people, places or thing), not verbs. (For example: My car is slower than yours.)

A: You can give us a call any weekday from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. at five five five, two five zero eight, extension three three—
B: I’m sorry, could you please talk slower?

13. Thank you. That helps a lot.

After someone starts speaking more slowly for you, thank them with this phrase.

You can use it in many other situations, too.

A: Ben, could you please make the font bigger? It’s hard for me to read the words.
B: Sure! I’ll change it from size 10 to 16. How’s this?
A: Thank you. That helps a lot.

14. What does _____ mean?

When you hear or see a new word, use this phrase to ask what it means.

A: What does “font” mean?
B: It’s the style of letters, numbers and punctuation marks when you type. A common font in the USA is Times New Roman.

15. How do you spell that?

English spelling can be tricky, so make sure to learn this question. You could also ask someone, “Could you spell that for me?”

A: My name is Robbertah Handkerchief.
B: How do you spell that?

16. What do you mean?

When you understand the words one by one, but not what they mean together, use this question. You can ask it whenever you’re confused about what someone is telling you.

A: The Smiths do have a really nice house, but the grass is always greener on the other side.
B: What do you mean?
A: I mean that if we had the Smith’s house, we probably wouldn’t be happier. We always think other people have better lives than us, but other people have problems too.

Phrases for Introducing Yourself and Making Friends

Here are some phrases for introducing yourself when you meet new people, and questions to learn more about them.

17. Hi! I’m [Name]. (And you?)

Here’s an informal greeting you can use when you meet new friends. If the person doesn’t tell you their name, you can ask “And you?” or “And what’s your name?”

Hi! I’m Rebecca. And you?

18. Nice to meet you.

After you learn each other’s names, it’s polite to say this phrase.

A: Hi Rebecca, I’m Chad.
B: Nice to meet you, Chad.
A: Nice to meet you too.

19. Where are you from?

Ask this question to find out which country someone is from. You answer this question with “I’m from ~.”

Can you answer this question in English? Say both the question and answer aloud right now. (Four times, remember?)

A: Nice to meet you, Sergio. So, where are you from?
B: I’m from Spain.

20. What do you do?

Most adults ask each other this question when they meet. It means what do you do for a living (what is your job).

I think this question is boring, so I ask other questions. But many people will probably ask you this, so it’s important to know what it means.

A: What do you do, Cathleen?
B: I work at the university as a financial specialist.

21. What do you like to do (in your free time)?

Instead of asking for someone’s job title, I prefer to ask what they enjoy doing. The responses (answers) are usually much more interesting!

A: So Cathleen, what do you like to do in your free time?
B: I love to read and to garden. I picked two buckets of tomatoes last week!

22. What’s your phone number?

If you want to keep in contact with someone you just met, ask this question to find out their phone number. You can replace “phone number” with “email address” if you want to know their email address.

You might also hear people use the more casual “Can I get your ~?,” as in, “Can I get your phone number?”

It would be great to meet up again sometime. What’s your phone number?

23. Do you have Facebook?

Many people keep in touch (contact) through Facebook. Use this question to find out if someone has a Facebook account. You might also ask, “Are you on Facebook?”

Let’s keep in touch! Do you have Facebook?

Phrases for Work

Finally, here are seven basic phrases you might use at a job.

24. How can I help you?

If you work in customer service, you’ll use this phrase a lot. It’s also a common phrase when answering the phone.

[On the phone]: Hello, this is Rebecca speaking. How can I help you?

25. I’ll be with you in a moment.

When someone wants to see you, use this phrase if you need a minute to finish something first. If a client is waiting at a store, you can also use this phrase to show that their turn is next.

You can replace “moment” with “minute”: “I’ll be with you in (just) a minute.”

Another common phrase for this situation is “I’ll be right with you.”

Good morning! I’ll be with you in a moment.

26. What time is our meeting?

You can use this question’s structure to ask the time of any event: “What time is [event]?”

If you want to ask about a meeting on a certain day, add “on [day].” For example, “What time is our meeting on Thursday?”

What time is our meeting on Wednesday?

27. Please call me (back) at…

When you want someone to call you or to call you back (to return your call), use this phrase to give your phone number.

Hi, this is Cathleen from the financial office.
I’m wondering if you found those missing receipts.
Please call me back at 555-5555. Thanks!

28. (Oh really?) Actually, I thought…

When you disagree with someone, “Actually, I thought…” will make you sound kinder and more polite than saying “No” or “You’re wrong.” This phrase is useful when you have a different idea than someone else.

A: So Sam’s coming in tonight at 8, right?
B: Actually, I thought he wasn’t working at all this week.
A: Oh, ok. I’ll have to look at the schedule again.

29. Actually, I [verb]…

Just like in #28, you can use “actually, I…” with many different verbs: “heard,” “learned,” “am,” “can,” “can’t,” etc. You should use it for the same situation as above: when you have a different idea than someone else.

A: Did you finish the reports?
B: Actually, I am running a bit behind, but they’ll be done by noon!

C: When you type, always put two spaces between sentences.
D: Actually, I learned to put a single space between sentences.

30. I’m (just) about to [verb]…

When you’re going to start something very soon, you’re “just about to” do something.

I’m just about to send those faxes.

I’m about to go and pick up some coffee. Do you want anything?

These 30 phrases are just the beginning. 

④本日のワーク

〇以下の文を英語表現してください。

・私は英語を勉強している最中です

・最近はかなり暑いですね。

・体調に気を付けてください。

それでは！

【31日目】誰だって緊張はするもの

こんにちは！！

毎日暑い日が続きますが、

晴天の青空は

とてもすがすがしいものですね！

たまにはスクリーンから目を離して

自然を眺めるべきだと

つくづく思います。

さて、

今回からは

Part5

では英語を話す際に

気を付けること・

持っておくべきマインド

について

お話していこうと

思います！！

＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝

目次

＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝

➤”緊張”はするもの

➤インプットの時間

➤本日のワーク

＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝

①”緊張”はするもの

誰だって、

慣れない本番には

緊張するものです。

慣れない本番に向けて

不安になったり心配に

思うはずです。

ここで、

緊張を感じない人の

共通点とは

何なのでしょうか。

彼らはには２種類に

分けられます。

・緊張するけど上手くコントロールをできる

・緊張という概念がそもそもない

しかし、

緊張するのは良い事でも

あります。

失敗しないように

という心構えができているから。

しかし、あまりにも

心配恐怖症までなると、

これまでの成果が

それのせいで発揮できなくなります。

それはぜひとも避けて

頂きたいものです。

だからairilが

みなさんにお伝えしたいのは、

自分の感情に素直に

なることです。

決して逃げないで

頂きたい。

自分にとって、

緊張した際に使える

魔法を知っておくと

とても良いですよ。

私は

・とりあえずゆっくり頷くことを心掛ける

・聞き取れなかったら、相手が早く話していたら

　正直にそれを英語表現する

・英語脳に切り替える

という事をしています。

自分の感情に嘘をつくことで、

最悪取り返しのつかない

事になってしまう前に、

対策を考えておきましょう(^^)

②インプットの時間

では今回も

https://www.eslconversationquestions.com/phrasal-verbs/

引用元

動詞に関するフレーズの

質問一覧を並べますので、

それをそのままインプットし、

それに対する返答を考えてみたり

してください☆

Phrasal Verbs

How do you help out your friends and family?

What time do you usually get up? Do you wish you could get up earlier or later?

Have you ever been picked up by a crazy taxi driver?

Can you set up a computer?

Do you talk your friends into doing bad things?

Is there anything you turned down but now regret it?

 

What is the best or worst thing your friends talked you into?

What do you leave out when you talk to your parents about your life?

How often do you borrow money? Do you always pay it back?

Have any of your friends borrowed money and not paid you back?

How often do you get together with your high school or elementary school friends?

Have you ever blown anything up? What was it and how did it happen?

Have you ever had to take care of someone or something (sibling, pet, babysitting, etc.)? Did you enjoy it?

What is your favorite place to eat out at?

Do you know anyone who dropped out of high school or university?

Is there anyone you don’t get along with? Who and why?

How do you pick out the clothes you are going to buy?  How about the clothes you are going to wear for the day?

Is there anything you need to cut down on?

What is something that you always put off until another day?

Have you ever run into a celebrity?

When do you usually wake up?  When would you prefer to wake up?

If you could do something over in your life, what would you do over?

What do you leave out when you talk to your parents about your life?

How often do you borrow money? Do you always pay it back?

Have any of your friends borrowed money and not paid you back?

How often do you get together with your high school or elementary school friends?

How do you help out your friends and family?

これらこそ、

簡単な単語だけれども、

使うとなると

出てこなさそうなものですよね。

ぜひとも知識の一部として

持っていて欲しいです。

③本日のワーク

 

〇以下の文を翻訳してください

'Highest temperature on Earth' as Death Valley, US hits 54.4C

What could be the highest temperature ever reliably recorded on Earth - 130F (54.4C) - may have been reached in Death Valley National Park, California.

The recording is being verified by the US National Weather Service.

It comes amid a heatwave on the US's west coast, where temperatures are forecast to rise further this week.

The scorching conditions have led to two days of blackouts in California, after a power plant malfunctioned on Saturday.

"It's an oppressive heat and it's in your face," Brandi Stewart, who works at Death Valley National Park, told the BBC.

ワールドニュースで最も有名な

BBCから引用させて頂きました。

頑張って翻訳してみてください！！

〇気づいた事・感想を

　教えてください。

それでは！！

【30日目】英会話は基本難単語は不要

hi there !

How was your day going so far ?

Recentry I'm into reading a book right now .

Especially l love to read autobiography written by 

person who I respect .

If I read that , I can get some information and also

rasise my motivation to my goal .

How about you ?

Tell me about what are you into ?

＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝

目次

＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝

➤難単語は今は不要です

➤インプットの時間

➤本日のワーク

＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝

①難単語は今は不要です

 

このテーマも

以前お話したことではありますが、

大事なテーマなので

今一度説明させて頂きます。

みなさんは、これまでの

英会話に関する経験の他に、

このプログラムを通して

沢山の英語に触れていますね？

より、実用的な英会話に

なればなるほど、難しい単語は

そうそう無いと気づくはずです。

簡単なはずのあの単語が、

多用されることに気づくはずです。

その使い方をマスターしましょう。

難単語を覚えたって、

実際使えますか？

無理です。

忘れます。

難単語を英和訳で

見てみてください。

簡単な単語ばかりですよね？

必要最低限のことを

できてから、徐々に

単語もレベルアップしていきましょう！！

②インプットの時間

 

今回は引用元https://www.eslconversationquestions.com/

から、それぞれのトピックに関する

質問例を挙げました。

どんどん吸収してください。

そして自分なりの返答も

考えてみてください。

Animals

What animal best represents you? Why?

What creature scares you? Why?

Except for food, do humans need other animals? Why or why not?

What is the most effective way to save endangered species?

What are some examples of useful traits that help animals survive? (i.e. a giraffe’s long neck)

What is Darwin famous for?

What traits have made humans a successful species?

What are some animals you don’t know much about?

What is the cutest animal you can think of? How about the ugliest?

Why do humans have pets? Do you have a pet? Why or why not?

Are there any animals that we should try to kill off completely?

Fast Food

What is your least favorite fast food restaurant and why?

Does fast food taste good or bad? Why?

Why is fast food so popular?

How often do you eat fast food? What do you usually eat? Where?

What is a food that people think is healthy but really isn’t?

Do you know anyone who has worked at a fast food restaurant? How did they like it?

How has fast food changed in your country?

How is your country’s fast food different from other countries’ fast food?

Can you think of any healthy fast food?

How would you define “fast food”?

③本日のワーク

   〇以下の文を翻訳してください

@BBCSheffield

 

 

 

This morning @pauletteish

has been talking to Max Cotton, a young champion drifter from Sheffield! Drifting is the fastest growing motorsport in the UK but what sports or games did you play when you were younger?

　〇気づいたこと・感想を

　　教えてください！

それではまた～